Which hydraulic cement type is most suitable for concrete exposed to saltwater?

The type of hydraulic cement that is most suitable for concrete exposed to saltwater is Type V. This type is specifically formulated to provide resistance to sulfates, which are prevalent in seawater and can lead to deterioration in concrete structures. When concrete is exposed to saltwater, the presence of sulfate ions can react with compounds in the cement matrix, potentially leading to expansion, cracking, and overall degradation of the concrete.

Type I cement is a general-purpose cement and does not provide the necessary sulfate resistance. Type II is better than Type I for moderate sulfate exposure but still not adequate for the harsher conditions of saltwater. Type III is designed for high early strength and is not specifically tailored for sulfate resistance. Therefore, Type V is the optimal choice for environments where concrete will face exposure to saline conditions, ensuring durability and longevity of the concrete structures in such settings.