What is the formula for the factor of safety for overturning?

The factor of safety for overturning is defined as the ratio of resisting moments to overturning moments. Specifically, this ratio assesses how much the moments that prevent a structure from overturning (such as the weight of a building resisting the torque exerted by external forces like wind or earthquakes) compare to the moments trying to overturn the structure.

In this context, resisting moments typically come from the weight of the structure and its location relative to the point of rotation, while overturning moments arise from external loads, which can cause the structure to rotate about its base. By calculating this factor, engineers can ensure the stability and safety of structures under various load conditions.

This understanding is crucial as it helps in designing structures that maintain integrity while facing potential overturning forces, leading to safer and more reliable designs in engineering.