Using which type of aggregate can enhance workability?

Using well-rounded and smooth aggregates enhances workability primarily due to their shape and surface characteristics. When aggregates are rounded and smooth, they create less friction against each other as well as against the cement paste, allowing the components to flow and mix more easily. This results in a concrete mix that can be placed and compacted more effectively, which is essential for achieving desired strength and durability in structural applications.

In contrast, small and angular aggregates tend to interlock, which can impede the flow and mixing of the concrete. Highly porous aggregates may absorb water and cement paste, altering the water-cement ratio and potentially reducing workability. Flat-shaped aggregates can lead to difficulty in achieving a homogeneous mix as they may resist moving freely within the mix. Overall, the rounded and smooth nature of aggregates plays a critical role in enhancing the ease of handling and application of concrete.