How is the effective width of a concrete slab denoted in concrete transformation formulas?

The effective width of a concrete slab, often critical in structural analysis, is denoted as "beff" in concrete transformation formulas. This term represents the width of the slab that contributes to its effective moment of inertia when calculating deflections and stresses.

Understanding effective width is essential for engineers as it helps determine how the slab will behave under various loading scenarios. This parameter takes into account factors such as the distribution of loads, the presence of supports, and the properties of the materials involved.

The other choices represent different concepts in structural engineering: "ts" typically refers to the thickness of a slab, "λ" could represent a dimensionless parameter related to slenderness in certain contexts, and "d" often denotes the effective depth of a member, which is related but distinct from the effective width. Thus, "beff" is specifically used for effective width, making it the correct answer in this context.